Friday, August 25, 2006

pancreas diseases : Alcohol Detoxification

Alcohol is a drink that is often taken socially, recreationally and at mealtimes. It is consumed for the pleasant feelings that it generates in the body. In fact, alcohol is a central nervous system depressant. It acts as a biochemical inhibitor of activity in the central nervous system, and thus induces sedation and lessening of anxiety.

However, alcohol dependence or alcoholism is a chronic pattern of alcohol abuse resulting in physiological, physical, behavioral and cognitive effects. Consuming alcohol for a long period of time results in alcohol dependence.

If you become alcohol dependent you have a strong craving for alcohol all the time. The body becomes used to plenty of alcohol and starts showing withdrawal symptoms 3 to 4 hours after the last drink. Hence, a person who wants to stop drinking finds it difficult because of the withdrawal symptoms.

The signs and symptoms of withdrawal are the opposite of that of alcohol. In the central nervous system, excitory processes are increased and inhibitory processes are slowed. The withdrawal symptoms are the main barriers in treatment for alcoholism. Normally, withdrawal symptoms appear within hours of the patient’s drink and generally peak 24 to 36 hours after stopping.

Some withdrawal symptoms are anxiety, headache, auditory disturbances, trembling, sweating, and craving for alcohol. Delirium and tremors are a more severe reaction to withdrawal, occurring in five percent of people who have withdrawal symptoms 2 to 3 days after their last drink. Alcohol dependency also causes inflammation of the pancreas, coronary heart disease, neuropathy, brain degeneration, cirrhosis of the liver, high blood pressure and other health problems in the long run.

In the de-addiction programs for alcoholics, the first step is detoxification. Detoxification in alcohol treatment refers to a short course of medication to free the body of withdrawal symptoms while trying to quit drinking. The most commonly used medication in detoxification is chlordiazepoxide, which is a benzodiazepine medicine.

Alcohol detoxification has basically four goals:

1) to provide the patient a safe withdrawal from alcohol dependence

2) to provide a treatment that is humane and protects the patient’s dignity

3) to provide for recovery of affective and cognitive faculties, and

4) to prepare patient for continued treatment in his new life.

Alcohol detoxification is a long, drawn-out and difficult process involving rehabilitatory medicine, in-patient treatment in a de-addiction facility, and support from doctors, nurses, family, and the community. Ultimately, it also depends on the determination of the patient.

By Eddie Tobey

pancreas diseases : The "Identity Crisis"

Enzymes

“I am convinced digestion is the great secret to life.” -Sydney Smith

Enzymes are proteins. Your body can do almost nothing without enzymes. The pancreas and other glands produce digestive enzymes. They are also present in raw foods. Even though the body can manufacture digestive enzymes, it is strained to produce enough if we are not getting them from our food sources, supplements, and by chewing our food properly, which allows enzyme-rich saliva to be incorporated into the food. Unfortunately, cooking and processing foods destroys enzymes and most people only chew their food about 25% of the amount that is needed. Stomach acid, in other words hydrochloric acid (HCL), is ineffective at breaking down food that hasn’t been chewed properly. To add to the problem, 50% of people with autoimmunity don’t have enough HCL in their stomachs in the first place.

When enzyme-free, undigested food enters the small intestine, everything falls upon the poor overworked pancreas. The pancreas is forced to draw reserves from the entire body in order to provide enough enzymes for digestion. This problem is so significant that studies show virtually all Americans have an enlarged pancreas by age 40. With this kind of strain on the insulin-producing pancreas, it is amazing we all don’t have diabetes.

If you are eating food that has been cooked or processed in any way, you need to chew your food properly and take digestive enzyme supplements with every meal. This is vital for diabetics. Your pancreas is already unable to keep up with demands placed upon it.

By Heidi Whitaker

Wednesday, August 16, 2006

pancreas diseases : PancreasWeb

As of February 2006, Pancreatology is also the official journal of the Belgian Pancreatic Club (BPC), increasing the number of affiliated societies to 14.

The BPC has arisen from a common interest of several Belgian physicians in pancreatology. The aims of the BPC are:

1) To facilitate contact and collaboration between Belgian physicians interested in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic diseases such as inflammatory pancreatic diseases, cystic lesions of the pancreas and pancreatic neoplasms
2) To offer a place for integration of basic and clinical research in pancreatic diseases
3) To initiate multicenter studies focussing on rare diseases such as intraductal papillary mucinous tumors and autoimmune pancreatitis

First of all, the epidemiology of pancreatic diseases in Belgium has been assessed by the initiation of a register of all patients hospitalized for a pancreatic disease in the medicosurgical department of gastroenterology in the Erasme Hospital in Brussels. From October 1999 to November 2005, 2000 patients have been included, of which about 50% suffered from chronic pancreatitis, 20% from acute pancreatitis and 20% from neoplasms.
Multicenter studies will allow the prospective collection of several cases of rare pancreatic diseases in order to investigate their pathogenesis, their natural history and to initiate some therapeutic trials.
Support is offered from the Laboratorium Solvay by providing the information technology to encode the database. Moreover, they also sponsor the triple membership fee for the BPC members, so that they can join the European Pancreatic Club (EPC), the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) and the BPC simultaneously.
The BPC has presently 25 registered members distributed among 6 university hospitals: Erasme University Hospital, Brussels; Saint-Luc University Hospital, Brussels; University Hospital of Brussels, VUB; University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven; University Hospital of Antwerp; University Hospital of Li鑗e.

For the second consecutive year, a BPC meeting has been included in the program of the Belgian Week of Gastroenterology which was held this year in Oostende from 9th to 11th of February. Two invited lectures, 5 free communications and 3 clinical case discussions made up the program of this session. The abstracts of the free communications have been published in Pancreatology (2006;6:175-179) and are available online http://www.pancreasweb.com/abstracts/abstracts.asp
The success of this year's BPC meeting encourages us to think that the number of members will increase during the following months and that the BPC could have a significant impact on a national and even international level.

http://www.pancreasweb.com/pancreas.asp?ak=Detail&zaehler=2795

pancreas diseases : PancreasWeb

As of February 2006, Pancreatology is also the official journal of the Belgian Pancreatic Club (BPC), increasing the number of affiliated societies to 14.

The BPC has arisen from a common interest of several Belgian physicians in pancreatology. The aims of the BPC are:

1) To facilitate contact and collaboration between Belgian physicians interested in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic diseases such as inflammatory pancreatic diseases, cystic lesions of the pancreas and pancreatic neoplasms
2) To offer a place for integration of basic and clinical research in pancreatic diseases
3) To initiate multicenter studies focussing on rare diseases such as intraductal papillary mucinous tumors and autoimmune pancreatitis

First of all, the epidemiology of pancreatic diseases in Belgium has been assessed by the initiation of a register of all patients hospitalized for a pancreatic disease in the medicosurgical department of gastroenterology in the Erasme Hospital in Brussels. From October 1999 to November 2005, 2000 patients have been included, of which about 50% suffered from chronic pancreatitis, 20% from acute pancreatitis and 20% from neoplasms.
Multicenter studies will allow the prospective collection of several cases of rare pancreatic diseases in order to investigate their pathogenesis, their natural history and to initiate some therapeutic trials.
Support is offered from the Laboratorium Solvay by providing the information technology to encode the database. Moreover, they also sponsor the triple membership fee for the BPC members, so that they can join the European Pancreatic Club (EPC), the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) and the BPC simultaneously.
The BPC has presently 25 registered members distributed among 6 university hospitals: Erasme University Hospital, Brussels; Saint-Luc University Hospital, Brussels; University Hospital of Brussels, VUB; University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven; University Hospital of Antwerp; University Hospital of Li鑗e.

For the second consecutive year, a BPC meeting has been included in the program of the Belgian Week of Gastroenterology which was held this year in Oostende from 9th to 11th of February. Two invited lectures, 5 free communications and 3 clinical case discussions made up the program of this session. The abstracts of the free communications have been published in Pancreatology (2006;6:175-179) and are available online http://www.pancreasweb.com/abstracts/abstracts.asp
The success of this year's BPC meeting encourages us to think that the number of members will increase during the following months and that the BPC could have a significant impact on a national and even international level.

http://www.pancreasweb.com/pancreas.asp?ak=Detail&zaehler=2795

pancreas diseases : Endoscopic management

Endoscopic management has recently been used for a variety of chronic pancreatic diseases. We used this approach in five patients with pancreatic diseases (calcific pancreatitis 2, pancreatic pseudocyst 3). Nasocystic drain was placed in a patient with pancreatic pseudocyst at the tail end of the pancreas; a 5 Fr stent was placed over 0.021"/0.035" guide wire in the main pancreatic duct in the others. All patients had relief of pain. Nasocystic drain led to resolution of pseudocyst, perisplenic collection and pleural effusion. Endoscopic treatment is safe and effective in various pancreatic disorders.

© 2004 Indian Journal of Gastroenterology

Wednesday, August 09, 2006

pancreas diseases : Diseases of the pancreas

The pancreas is a small gland with its head lying in the curve of the duodenum. Its main duct joins the common bile duct (of the liver and gallbladder) to form what is known as the ampulla of the bile duct. The ampulla enters the duodenum at its midpoint. Apart from secreting the hormones insulin and glucagon, the pancreas produces pancreatic juice containing enzymes that digest carbohydrates, proteins and fats. When acid stomach contents enter the duodenum, they are mixed with pancreatic juice and bile. This creates the proper acid/alkali balance (pH value) at which the pancreatic enzymes are most effective (both bile and pancreatic juice are alkaline).

Gallstones in the liver or gallbladder cut down bile secretion from the normal amount of about one quart per day, to as little as one cup per day. This severely disrupts the digestive process, particularly if fats or fat-containing foods are consumed. Subsequently, the pH remains too low, which inhibits the action of pancreatic enzymes, as well as those secreted by the small intestine. The end result is that food is only partially digested. Improperly digested food that is saturated with the stomach's hydrochloric acid can have a very irritating, toxic effect on the entire intestinal tract.

If a gallstone has moved from the gallbladder into the ampulla, where the common bile duct and the pancreatic ducts meet,the release of pancreatic juice becomes obstructed and bile moves into the pancreas. This causes protein-splitting pancreatic enzymes that are normally activated only in the duodenum to be activated while in the pancreas. These enzymes begin to digest parts of the pancreatic tissue, which can lead to infection, suppuration and local thrombosis. This condition is known as pancreatitis.

Gallstones obstructing the ampulla release bacteria, viruses and toxins into the pancreas, which can cause further damage to pancreatic cells, and eventually lead to malignant tumors. The tumors occur mostly in the head of the pancreas, where they inhibit the flow of bile and pancreatic juice. This condition is often accompanied by jaundice.

Gallstones in the liver, gallbladder and ampulla may also be responsible for both types of diabetes - insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent. All patients of mine with diagnosed diabetes, including children, have had large quantities of stones in their liver. Each liver cleanse further improved their condition, provided they followed a healthy regimen and diet void of animal products

http://www.ener-chi.com/d_pan.htm

pancreas diseases : Can Help Those Over 80

Age doesn't necessarily have to be the deciding factor for cancer surgery, Jefferson Medical College surgeons have found.

Pancreatic cancer surgeon Charles J. Yeo, M.D., Samuel D. Gross Professor and chair of surgery at Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University and Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia and Jefferson's Kimmel Cancer Center, and his colleagues studied records of pancreatic surgery during the last 35 years at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and found that contrary to what many both in and out of medicine may believe, major pancreatic cancer surgery can successfully be performed on patients in their 80s, 90s and even older.

In the study, reported recently in the Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dr. Yeo and co-workers examined records of nearly 2,700 cases of the standard Whipple operation for pancreatic disease, including cancer. Of these, about 1,000 operations were performed in the last four years. The Whipple procedure entails the surgical removal of the head of the pancreas, the duodenum (part of the small intestine), part of the common bile duct, the gallbladder and sometimes a portion of the stomach.

Of this group, 207 patients were 80 years old or older. Those who were 80 to 89 years of age had a mortality rate of 4.1 percent (8 of 197), and a complication rate of 52.8 percent. Those younger than 80 years old had a mortality rate of 1.7 percent, with a complication rate of 41.6 percent. Of 10 patients 90 or older, the researchers reported no deaths after surgery, though half had complications. Of those 80 to 89 years old, 59.1 percent lived for at least one year, while 60 percent of patients 90 years and older lived that long after surgery.

Such complication rates for individuals at least 80 years old are what would be expected, Dr. Yeo says, and involve conditions that afflict many that age, such as heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure. "The general aging population isn't dying from pancreas disease," he notes. "They are dying from other causes."

"If there is a mass that is resectable in the pancreas, chances are that we can take it out safely and the patient will do well," Dr. Yeo says. "As the population ages, more individuals may be eligible for such surgery."

The five-year survival of those who were operated on for cancer is comparable to the general population, he says. "In the general population, five-year survival in healthy individuals at age 80 is 69 percent. In our study, it was 55 percent, which isn't that much different."

For various reasons, many of those older than 80 have been told they are not candidates for pancreatic cancer surgery. "Whether it was because of other health issues, poor scans or just a mindset that operating on the pancreas after age 80 doesn't make much sense, there have been reasons not to operate on these individuals.

"The take home message is, if an experienced group of surgeons safely perform the right operation, the patient likely will do fine," Dr. Yeo says. "Patients usually can leave the hospital in a week and can be on a survival curve that approaches the normal curve of the general population."

According to Dr. Yeo, new imaging techniques, improved early detection and screening of high-risk groups, and new therapies on the horizon have begun to change the way pancreatic cancer is viewed. "We're actually making great progress when it comes to pancreatic cancer," he says.

Pancreatic cancer, the fifth-leading cause of cancer death in this country, takes some 30,000 lives a year. The disease is difficult to treat, particularly because it is frequently detected after it has spread to other areas on the body. Only 4 percent of all individuals with pancreatic cancer live for five years after diagnosis, and approximately 25 percent of those diagnosed with pancreatic cancer who undergo successful surgical removal of their disease live at least that long.

But recent figures give new hope: of those who live for five years after surgical resection, some 55 percent will be alive at least another five years.

Thursday, August 03, 2006

pancreas diseases :Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes is a serious disease that needs to have medical attention as soon as some symptoms begin to surface. The reason why diabetes is serious is because it will cause the body to shut down and you will go into sugar shock. After sugar, shock the body will go into a coma and a person may never come out of the comatose state. Diabetes, in general, can cause the body to stop circulating the blood flow properly and that’s why many diabetics have to have parts of their body amputated. Diabetics also have a higher change of developing kidney, pancreas diseases, and other organ diseases.

Type two diabetes will usually affect people much older than that of type one. It is the most common type of diabetes and effects thousands of people each day. It is also referred to as adult onset diabetes.

Typically, it is due to being overweight, but there are exceptions to the rule. Type one is where your body lacks insulin and type one is where you body will begin to resist insulin. This type is developed by usually genetics and often is passed down through generations. The insulin levels with type two diabetics are sometimes normal, but the body won’t respond to it. This will create higher blood levels because the body is not using the glucose up. When you have type one you are considered to have symptoms of hyperglycemia, however you will have the opposite reaction with type two and have hypoglycemia.

Hypoglycemia is where you have low blood sugar. It is from the fact that your body cannot provide enough energy for the activities of the body. It will cause you to be hungry much like type one. It will also make you very nervous or shaky. You will perspire more than the average person and you will become dizzy or light headed. You will become over anxious or weak which will cause you to have difficulty speaking or feeling restless. You will also become confused and possibly hallucinate. Because of your anxiety, you may have nightmares or perspire so much during sleep that your entire bed becomes wet or damp. You will often wake up tired, irritable, and confused.

Type two is the most common type of diabetes and exists in all cultures. It is often the result from obesity and it is doesn’t discriminate ethnically or racially. Obesity has become a problem for today’s world and has been found as a tendency to promote diabetes rather it’s genetically enhanced or not.

The causes of the disease have many factors to blame, but genetics seem to be the strongest factor. Obesity is also found to be genetically enhanced and the two could be related somehow. Treatment is simple, it is taken orally to lower the blood sugar which can cause hypoglycemia and at some point insulin injections may be needed.

by Kenneth Langlet

pancreas diseases : If You Have An Autoimmune Disease

If you have an Autoimmune Disease (Like Fibromyalgia, MS, or Chrohn’s, etc.), then I know a secret about you. You most likely have an enzyme shortage. You may be thinking to yourself that an enzyme can’t be as bad as being short on cash or short on time. The fact is that an enzyme shortage does make you short on time!

Every single chemical action that takes place in the body REQUIRES enzymes. According to experts, a person's life span is directly related to your enzymes. In other words, your enzyme deficiency is shortening your time on Earth.

You need enzymes to be healthy. The pancreas produces enzymes. If you suffer from autoimmunity, then your poor pancreas is overworked and underpaid. The pancreas of a person with autoimmunity is not able to keep up with the job.

Besides the pancreas, where else are we supposed to get these enzymes? From fresh, raw food. When was the last time you ate fresh, raw food? If you are cooking or processing any of your food, you should take enzymes with that food. (Enzymes are available in supplement form.) Some enzymes include: Papain, Amylase, Cellulase, Lactase, Lipase, Protease, and Bromelain.

by Heidi Whitaker